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Profundizando en la infraestructura y tendencias del transporte regional: el último informe de AIFC. – TURKISHNEWSWORLD.COM ASTANA – Aunque la mayor parte del comercio entre Asia y Europa se basa en rutas marítimas, varias rutas interiores podrían ayudar a diversificar los riesgos asociados con las tensiones geopolíticas en el Mar Rojo y el Mar de China Meridional, y abordar las limitaciones técnicas relacionadas con la expansión de la infraestructura portuaria, dice el último informe publicado por el Centro Financiero Internacional de Astana (AIFC) en abril, que profundiza en la infraestructura y las tendencias del transporte regional.
Los analistas de AIFC señalan que las economías de todo el continente euroasiático, incluidas la Unión Europea, China, India y Asia Central, están preparadas para crecer, impulsando un aumento de las inversiones y el volumen de comercio.
Kazajstán, el país sin litoral más grande del mundo, posee un importante potencial sin explotar en materia de transporte y logística. La nación ha invertido 35 mil millones de dólares en el sector en los últimos 15 años.
A través de Kazajstán pasan trece corredores internacionales, incluidos cinco ferrocarriles y ocho corredores de automóviles. Según el informe de AIFC, existen 16.000 kilómetros de red ferroviaria, de los cuales 275 kilómetros se encuentran en otros países; 94.800 kilómetros de red vial, de los cuales 24.900 kilómetros son carreteras internacionales y nacionales; 25 aeropuertos y 29.000 kilómetros de red de oleoductos.
Los ferrocarriles son el principal medio de transporte en Kazajstán, seguidos de las carreteras y los oleoductos. En 2023, el volumen del transporte de mercancías por ferrocarril alcanzó los 327 mil millones de toneladas-kilómetro.
El informe también analiza el desarrollo de la Ruta de Transporte Internacional Transcaspio (TITR), también conocida como Corredor Medio. «El Corredor Medio es un corredor multimodal de importancia estratégica con una longitud de 6.180 kilómetros y una capacidad de producción de seis millones de toneladas, incluidas 80.000 unidades equivalentes a veinte pies», se lee en el informe.
El informe destaca el papel crucial de Kazajstán en el TITR y el Corredor Norte-Sur. «Para dar cabida al creciente flujo de carga, se necesita ampliar la capacidad de la infraestructura, actividades de marketing y acuerdos internacionales adicionales», afirma el informe.
Refiriéndose al estudio reciente por el Banco Mundial, el informe afirma que los volúmenes anuales a lo largo del Corredor Medio podrían triplicarse a 11 millones de toneladas para 2030.
“El tiempo de transporte a lo largo del Corredor Medio se ha reducido de 38 a 53 días a 19 a 23 días. El objetivo es entre 14 y 18 días hasta 2024, incluidos cinco días a través de Kazajstán”, se lee en el informe.
Hay al menos 66 empresas de transporte y logística registradas en AIFC, con empresas conjuntas establecidas centradas en el avance del Corredor Medio.
El informe detalla los proyectos de inversión a lo largo del TITR, incluidos los cruces fronterizos entre Kazajstán y China en Khorgos, Dostyk y Bakty, el desarrollo de los puertos del Caspio en Aktau, Kuryk y Bakú, y los puertos georgianos en el Mar Negro. «Kazajstán está ampliando actualmente la capacidad de Dostyk-Moiynty con la construcción de una segunda vía férrea y ha comenzado a construir una nueva línea para conectar Bakty [Kazakhstan-China border point] al sistema ferroviario nacional”, se lee en el informe.
El tramo de 836 kilómetros, valorado en 1.100 millones de dólares, se completará en 2025. Se espera que aumente la velocidad del transporte a 1.500 kilómetros por día desde los 800 kilómetros por día actuales.
Entre otros proyectos de inversión en transporte se encuentra la línea ferroviaria Darbaza-Maktaaral. Kazajstán inició la construcción de la línea ferroviaria, que conectará Kazajstán y Uzbekistán, en noviembre de 2023. La línea tiene como objetivo aliviar la congestión en la estación de Saryagash, integrar la región de Maktaaral con la red ferroviaria principal y mejorar las conexiones de tránsito con Irán, Afganistán y Pakistán y la India. El coste del proyecto se estima en 250.000 millones de tenge (523,1 millones de dólares), y su período de ejecución será de 2024 a 2025.
En diciembre de 2023, Kazajstán anunció la construcción de la línea ferroviaria Bakhty-Ayagoz de 272 kilómetros. Se prevé que esta línea cueste 577,5 mil millones de tenge (1,2 mil millones de dólares).
Según datos del gobierno, la línea ferroviaria Bakhty-Ayagoz aumentará la capacidad de transporte entre Kazajstán y China de 28 millones de toneladas a casi 48 millones de toneladas, aliviará la congestión en los puestos de control del sur y atraerá volúmenes de tránsito adicionales. Está previsto que el ferrocarril de doble vía entre en funcionamiento en 2027.
También está en marcha la reconstrucción de la carretera de 893 kilómetros que une Aktobe y Atyrau con la ciudad rusa de Astracán.
Esta noticia fue tomada de esta fuente y eescrita por inteligencia artificial..
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